پسوندهای لاتین در زبان انگلیسی Latin suffixes in English

 

Latin suffix	Basic meaning	Example words
-able, -ible	forms adjectives and means “capable or worthy of”	likable, flexible
-ation	forms nouns from verbs	creation, civilization, automation, speculation, information
-fy, -ify	forms verbs and means “to make or cause to become”	purify, acidify, humidify
-ment	forms nouns from verbs	entertainment, amazement, statement, banishment
-ty, -ity	forms nouns from adjectives	subtlety, certainty, cruelty, frailty, loyalty, royalty; eccentricity, electricity, peculiarity, similarity, technicality

 

 

 

 

پیشوندهای لاتین در زبان انگلیسی Latin prefixes in English

 

Latin prefix	Basic meaning	Example words
co-	together	coauthor, coedit, coheir
de-	away, off; generally indicates reversal or removal in English	deactivate, debone, defrost, decompress, deplane
dis-	not, not any	disbelief, discomfort, discredit, disrepair, disrespect
inter-	between, among	international, interfaith, intertwine, intercellular, interject
non-	not	nonessential, nonmetallic, nonresident, nonviolence, nonskid, nonstop
post-	after	postdate, postwar, postnasal, postnatal
pre-	before	preconceive, preexist, premeditate, predispose, prepossess, prepay
re-	again; back, backward	rearrange, rebuild, recall, remake, rerun, rewrite
sub-	under	submarine, subsoil, subway, subhuman, substandard
trans-	across, beyond, through	transatlantic, transpolar

 

Greek and Latin Root Words

Greek and Latin Root Words*

Root	Meaning	English Words
arch	chief, primary or first	archetype
archaeo	ancient/primitive	archaeology
aster/astra	star	astronomy
audi	hear	audible
bene	good/well	benefit
bio	life	biology
brev	short	abbreviation
chloro	green	chlorophyll
chrono	time	chronology
derm	skin	dermatologist
dic/dict	speak	dictionary
fer	carry	transfer
fix	fasten	affix
gen	birth	generate
geo	earth	geography
graph	write	graphic
hemo	blood	hemoglobin
herb	plants	herbaceous
hydro	water	hydrate
jur/just	law	jury
log/logue	word/thought	dialogue
luc	light	lucid
manu	hand	manual
meter/metr	measure	thermometer
neg	no	negate
ocu	eye	ocular
olig	few	oligarchy
op/oper	work	operation
osteo	bone	osteoporosis
path	feeling	sympathy
ped	child	pediatrics
phil	love	philosophy
phys	body/nature	physical
pod	foot	podiatrist
proto	first	prototype
pseudo	false	pseudonym
scrib/script	write	scribble
sect	cut	dissect
sol	alone	solitary
struct	build	construct
tact	touch	contact
tele	far off	telephone
ter/terr	earth	territory
vac	empty	vacant
ver	truth	verify
verb	word	verbal
vid/vis	see	video

Greek and Latin Prefixes-/-Suffixes*

Prefix/Suffix	Meaning	English Words
ad-	to	addict
-al	relating to	maternal
ambi-	both	ambidextrous
ante-	before	antecedent
anti-	against	antifreeze
-arium	place of	aquarium
auto-	self	autobiography
centi-	hundred	centimeter
circum-	around	circumvent
con-	with	concert
de-	from/down	depart
deci-	ten	decimeter
di-	two	diameter
dis-	opposite	disable
-dom	quality/state	freedom
ex-	out	exit
hetero-	different	heterogeneous
hypo-	too little	hypoactive
-ic	relating to	poetic
-ile	quality/state	juvenile
in-	not	invalid
inter-	between	interstate
intra-	within	intramurals
-ism	quality/state	catholicism
-ist	one who practices	biologist
macro-	large	macrobiologist
micro-	small	microbiologist
milli-	thousand	millipede
mis-	bad	miscarriage
mono-	single	monotheism
nano-	billion	nanosecond
neo-	new	neonatology
-ology	study of	biology
omni-	all	omniscient
-ous	quality/state	nebulous
pan-	all	pantheon
per-	throughout	pervade
peri-	all around	periscope
poly-	many	polygon
post-	after	postpone
pre-	before	precede
pro-	forward	progress
re-	again	reappear
retro-	back	retrogress
sub-	under	submarine
super-	more than	supermarket
sym-	together	symbol
-tion	quality/state	preservation
-ular	relating to	cellular
un-	not	unwilling

ريشه هاي لاتين و يوناني در انگليسي Greek & Latin Roots

ad to, toward admit amo love amiable anthro man anthropology anti against antimatter aqua water aquarium aud hear audience auto self automatic astro star astronaut bi two bisexual biblio book bilbliophile bio life antibiotics card heart cardiac carn meat, flesh carnival chron time chronic cide,ciss cut, kill genocide circu around circumference claus, clud, clos closed exclude cogn know recognize contra against contradict corp body corpse counter against counterrevolutionary cred believe credit cyber direct, guide cyberspace dent,dont teeth dentist derm skin epidermis deus God divine dextra right dexterity di two disect dict speak dictionary dyn power dynamic ecos, oikos house ecology eg I egomaniac epi on top epitaph eu happy, good euthanasia ex, exo out exorcist extra over, above extrahepatic fid faith confident fin end infinite gamy wife polygamy gen begin, race generation gig giant gigabyte glot,gloss tongue glossary gno, gni know agnostic graph,gram write paragraph gyny woman gynecology hemi half hemisphere hep liver hepatits hetero different heterosexual hex six hexadecimal homo same homogenized homo man homocide hydr water hydrogen hyper over hyperactive hypo under hypotension inter between international intra within intravenous kil thousand kilowatt lingua tongue linguistics logo word, study logic (see ology) lux,luc light lucid mal bad malpractice mania crazy pyromaniac man hand manufacture mar sea marine mega great, large megabyte meter measure thermometer metro city state metropolitan micro very small microbe mil 1,000 million, mile mini small minimum mis bad misunderstand

mit,miss send mission mono one monogamy mot, mov move promote mort death immortal multi many multitude nano dwarf, very small nat birth natural naut, nav sail navy neo new neolithic nov nine November nova new Nova Scotia nul nothing annullment oct eight octave -ology,log study of..., words logical omnia all omnipotent pan (latin) bread companion pan (greek) all pancreas pax,pac peace pacify ped,pod feet pedestrian ped, paed child pediatrics pent five pentagon pen tail independent phil love anglophile phobia fear claustrophobia phon sound phonograph photo light photography phyte little plant neophyte poli city, state politics poly many polygon port carry portfolio poss, pon put, place impose post after postpone pre before prenatal pro for, forward promote pyr fire pyromaniac rupt break rupture scio know omniscient scope see telescope scrib,script write inscribe seme seed inseminate semi half semester sinestra left sinister somn sleep insomnia soph wisdom philosophy spect look at inspection sta,sti,stu stand standard stella star constellation sub under submarine super over superior tab, taph table tablet theo God theology tele far away telescope tetra four tetrarch thana death euthanasia theo god theology trans across transfusion twe,twi two twice tort twist, turn torture tox poison toxic trans across translate tri three triple vis,vid see video vita,viva life vital volu wish volunteer xeno strange xenophobic zoa animal protozoa

Latin Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes پسوندها پيشوندها و ريشه هاي لاتين

Latin root	Basic meaning	Example words
-dict-	to say	contradict, dictate, diction, edict, predict
-duc-	to lead, bring, take	deduce, produce, reduce
-gress-	to walk	digress, progress, transgress
-ject-	to throw	eject, inject, interject, project, reject, subject
-pel-	to drive	compel, dispel, impel, repel
-pend-	to hang	append, depend, impend, pendant, pendulum
-port-	to carry	comport, deport, export, import, report, support
-scrib-, -script-	to write	describe, description, prescribe, prescription, subscribe, subscription, transcribe, transcription
-tract-	to pull, drag, draw	attract, contract, detract, extract, protract, retract, traction
-vert-	to turn	convert, divert, invert, revert

From the example words in the above table, it is easy to see how roots combine with prefixes to form new words. For example, the root -tract-, meaning “to pull,” can combine with a number of prefixes, including de- and re-. Detract means literally “to pull away” (de-, “away, off”) and retract means literally “to pull back” (re-, “again, back”). The following table gives a list of Latin prefixes and their basic meanings.

Latin prefix	Basic meaning	Example words
co-	together	coauthor, coedit, coheir
de-	away, off; generally indicates reversal or removal in English	deactivate, debone, defrost, decompress, deplane
dis-	not, not any	disbelief, discomfort, discredit, disrepair, disrespect
inter-	between, among	international, interfaith, intertwine, intercellular, interject
non-	not	nonessential, nonmetallic, nonresident, nonviolence, nonskid, nonstop
post-	after	postdate, postwar, postnasal, postnatal
pre-	before	preconceive, preexist, premeditate, predispose, prepossess, prepay
re-	again; back, backward	rearrange, rebuild, recall, remake, rerun, rewrite
sub-	under	submarine, subsoil, subway, subhuman, substandard
trans-	across, beyond, through	transatlantic, transpolar

Words and word roots may also combine with suffixes. Here are examples of some important English suffixes that come from Latin:

Latin suffix	Basic meaning	Example words
-able, -ible	forms adjectives and means “capable or worthy of”	likable, flexible
-ation	forms nouns from verbs	creation, civilization, automation, speculation, information
-fy, -ify	forms verbs and means “to make or cause to become”	purify, acidify, humidify
-ment	forms nouns from verbs	entertainment, amazement, statement, banishment
-ty, -ity	forms nouns from adjectives	subtlety, certainty, cruelty, frailty, loyalty, royalty; eccentricity, electricity, peculiarity, similarity, technicality