پسوندهای لاتین در زبان انگلیسی Latin suffixes in English

 

Latin suffix

Basic meaning

Example words

-able, -ible

forms adjectives and means “capable or worthy of”

likable, flexible

-ation

forms nouns from verbs

creation, civilization, automation, speculation, information

-fy, -ify

forms verbs and means “to make or cause to become”

purify, acidify, humidify

-ment

forms nouns from verbs

entertainment, amazement, statement, banishment

-ty, -ity

forms nouns from adjectives

subtlety, certainty, cruelty, frailty, loyalty, royalty; eccentricity, electricity, peculiarity, similarity, technicality

 

 

 

 

پیشوندهای لاتین در زبان انگلیسی Latin prefixes in English

 

Latin prefix

Basic meaning

Example words

co-

together

coauthor, coedit, coheir

de-

away, off; generally indicates reversal or removal in English

deactivate, debone, defrost, decompress, deplane

dis-

not, not any

disbelief, discomfort, discredit, disrepair, disrespect

inter-

between, among

international, interfaith, intertwine, intercellular, interject

non-

not

nonessential, nonmetallic, nonresident, nonviolence, nonskid, nonstop

post-

after

postdate, postwar, postnasal, postnatal

pre-

before

preconceive, preexist, premeditate, predispose, prepossess, prepay

re-

again; back, backward

rearrange, rebuild, recall, remake, rerun, rewrite

sub-

under

submarine, subsoil, subway, subhuman, substandard

trans-

across, beyond, through

transatlantic, transpolar

 

Greek and Latin Root Words

Greek and Latin Root Words*

Root
Meaning
English Words
arch chief, primary or first archetype
archaeo ancient/primitive archaeology
aster/astra star astronomy
audi hear audible
bene good/well benefit
bio life biology
brev short abbreviation
chloro green chlorophyll
chrono time chronology
derm skin dermatologist
dic/dict speak dictionary
fer carry transfer
fix fasten affix
gen birth generate
geo earth geography
graph write graphic
hemo blood hemoglobin
herb plants herbaceous
hydro water hydrate
jur/just law jury
log/logue word/thought dialogue
luc light lucid
manu hand manual
meter/metr measure thermometer
neg no negate
ocu eye ocular
olig few oligarchy
op/oper work operation
osteo bone osteoporosis
path feeling sympathy
ped child pediatrics
phil love philosophy
phys body/nature physical
pod foot podiatrist
proto first prototype
pseudo false pseudonym
scrib/script write scribble
sect cut dissect
sol alone solitary
struct build construct
tact touch contact
tele far off telephone
ter/terr earth territory
vac empty vacant
ver truth verify
verb word verbal
vid/vis see video

Greek and Latin Prefixes-/-Suffixes*

Prefix/Suffix
Meaning
English Words
ad- to addict
-al relating to maternal
ambi- both ambidextrous
ante- before antecedent
anti- against antifreeze
-arium place of aquarium
auto- self autobiography
centi- hundred centimeter
circum- around circumvent
con- with concert
de- from/down depart
deci- ten decimeter
di- two diameter
dis- opposite disable
-dom quality/state freedom
ex- out exit
hetero- different heterogeneous
hypo- too little hypoactive
-ic relating to poetic
-ile quality/state juvenile
in- not invalid
inter- between interstate
intra- within intramurals
-ism quality/state catholicism
-ist one who practices biologist
macro- large  macrobiologist
micro- small microbiologist
milli- thousand millipede
mis- bad miscarriage
mono- single monotheism
nano-  billion nanosecond
neo- new neonatology
-ology study of biology
omni- all omniscient
-ous quality/state nebulous
pan- all pantheon
per- throughout pervade
peri- all around periscope
poly- many polygon
post- after postpone
pre- before precede
pro- forward progress
re- again reappear
retro- back retrogress
sub- under submarine
super- more than supermarket
sym- together symbol
-tion quality/state preservation
-ular relating to cellular
un- not unwilling

ريشه هاي لاتين و يوناني در انگليسي Greek & Latin Roots

  • ad to, toward admit
  • amo love amiable
  • anthro man anthropology
  • anti against antimatter
  • aqua water aquarium
  • aud hear audience
  • auto self automatic
  • astro star astronaut
  • bi two bisexual
  • biblio book bilbliophile
  • bio life antibiotics
  • card heart cardiac
  • carn meat, flesh carnival
  • chron time chronic
  • cide,ciss cut, kill genocide
  • circu around circumference
  • claus, clud, clos closed exclude
  • cogn know recognize
  • contra against contradict
  • corp body corpse
  • counter against counterrevolutionary
  • cred believe credit
  • cyber direct, guide cyberspace
  • dent,dont teeth dentist
  • derm skin epidermis
  • deus God divine
  • dextra right dexterity
  • di two disect
  • dict speak dictionary
  • dyn power dynamic
  • ecos, oikos house ecology
  • eg I egomaniac
  • epi on top epitaph
  • eu happy, good euthanasia
  • ex, exo out exorcist
  • extra over, above extrahepatic
  • fid faith confident
  • fin end infinite
  • gamy wife polygamy
  • gen begin, race generation
  • gig giant gigabyte
  • glot,gloss tongue glossary
  • gno, gni know agnostic
  • graph,gram write paragraph
  • gyny woman gynecology
  • hemi half hemisphere
  • hep liver hepatits
  • hetero different heterosexual
  • hex six hexadecimal
  • homo same homogenized
  • homo man homocide
  • hydr water hydrogen
  • hyper over hyperactive
  • hypo under hypotension
  • inter between international
  • intra within intravenous
  • kil thousand kilowatt
  • lingua tongue linguistics
  • logo word, study logic (see ology)
  • lux,luc light lucid
  • mal bad malpractice
  • mania crazy pyromaniac
  • man hand manufacture
  • mar sea marine
  • mega great, large megabyte
  • meter measure thermometer
  • metro city state metropolitan
  • micro very small microbe
  • mil 1,000 million, mile
  • mini small minimum
  • mis bad misunderstand
  • mit,miss send mission
  • mono one monogamy
  • mot, mov move promote
  • mort death immortal
  • multi many multitude
  • nano dwarf, very small
  • nat birth natural
  • naut, nav sail navy
  • neo new neolithic
  • nov nine November
  • nova new Nova Scotia
  • nul nothing annullment
  • oct eight octave
  • -ology,log study of..., words logical
  • omnia all omnipotent
  • pan (latin) bread companion
  • pan (greek) all pancreas
  • pax,pac peace pacify
  • ped,pod feet pedestrian
  • ped, paed child pediatrics
  • pent five pentagon
  • pen tail independent
  • phil love anglophile
  • phobia fear claustrophobia
  • phon sound phonograph
  • photo light photography
  • phyte little plant neophyte
  • poli city, state politics
  • poly many polygon
  • port carry portfolio
  • poss, pon put, place impose
  • post after postpone
  • pre before prenatal
  • pro for, forward promote
  • pyr fire pyromaniac
  • rupt break rupture
  • scio know omniscient
  • scope see telescope
  • scrib,script write inscribe
  • seme seed inseminate
  • semi half semester
  • sinestra left sinister
  • somn sleep insomnia
  • soph wisdom philosophy
  • spect look at inspection
  • sta,sti,stu stand standard
  • stella star constellation
  • sub under submarine
  • super over superior
  • tab, taph table tablet
  • theo God theology
  • tele far away telescope
  • tetra four tetrarch
  • thana death euthanasia
  • theo god theology
  • trans across transfusion
  • twe,twi two twice
  • tort twist, turn torture
  • tox poison toxic
  • trans across translate
  • tri three triple
  • vis,vid see video
  • vita,viva life vital
  • volu wish volunteer
  • xeno strange xenophobic
  • zoa animal protozoa
  • Latin Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes پسوندها پيشوندها و ريشه هاي لاتين

    Latin root Basic meaning Example words
    -dict- to say contradict, dictate, diction, edict, predict
    -duc- to lead, bring, take deduce, produce, reduce
    -gress- to walk digress, progress, transgress
    -ject- to throw eject, inject, interject, project, reject, subject
    -pel- to drive compel, dispel, impel, repel
    -pend- to hang append, depend, impend, pendant, pendulum
    -port- to carry comport, deport, export, import, report, support
    -scrib-, -script- to write describe, description, prescribe, prescription, subscribe, subscription, transcribe, transcription
    -tract- to pull, drag, draw attract, contract, detract, extract, protract, retract, traction
    -vert- to turn convert, divert, invert, revert

    From the example words in the above table, it is easy to see how roots combine with prefixes to form new words. For example, the root -tract-, meaning “to pull,” can combine with a number of prefixes, including de- and re-. Detract means literally “to pull away” (de-, “away, off”) and retract means literally “to pull back” (re-, “again, back”). The following table gives a list of Latin prefixes and their basic meanings.

    Latin prefix Basic meaning Example words
    co- together coauthor, coedit, coheir
    de- away, off; generally indicates reversal or removal in English deactivate, debone, defrost, decompress, deplane
    dis- not, not any disbelief, discomfort, discredit, disrepair, disrespect
    inter- between, among international, interfaith, intertwine, intercellular, interject
    non- not nonessential, nonmetallic, nonresident, nonviolence, nonskid, nonstop
    post- after postdate, postwar, postnasal, postnatal
    pre- before preconceive, preexist, premeditate, predispose, prepossess, prepay
    re- again; back, backward rearrange, rebuild, recall, remake, rerun, rewrite
    sub- under submarine, subsoil, subway, subhuman, substandard
    trans- across, beyond, through transatlantic, transpolar

    Words and word roots may also combine with suffixes. Here are examples of some important English suffixes that come from Latin:

    Latin suffix

    Basic meaning Example words
    -able, -ible forms adjectives and means “capable or worthy of” likable, flexible
    -ation forms nouns from verbs creation, civilization, automation, speculation, information
    -fy, -ify forms verbs and means “to make or cause to become” purify, acidify, humidify
    -ment forms nouns from verbs entertainment, amazement, statement, banishment
    -ty, -ity forms nouns from adjectives subtlety, certainty, cruelty, frailty, loyalty, royalty; eccentricity, electricity, peculiarity, similarity, technicality